Iftila’in Hajjin Shekarar 2015 da na Sauran Wasu Shekarun

30 Ga Satumba, 2015

Daga: Amir Abdulazeez

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aruwar haɗarurruka  masu kawo asarar rayuka da jin raunuka a aikin Hajji ba wani  baƙon abu ba ne, amma  tun bayan da adadin yawan mutanen duniya ya haura biliyan 3 tsakanin shekarun 1960 zuwa 1970, sai ya kasance faruwar irin waɗannan haɗarurruka ta ƙara yawaita kuma a duk lokacin da suka faru a kan yi asarar rayuka masu yawa tare da jikkatar alhazai da dama. Yawan mutanen duniya na ƙaruwa, yawan Musulmi na ƙaruwa sannan kuma yawan mahajatta na ƙaruwa. Yanzu haka yawan Musulman duniya ya haura a biliyan 1.6 kuma a dukkan shekara kusan Musulmai miliyan 2 zuwa 3 ne suke zuwa Saudiyya domin sauke faralli.

Daga shekarar 1975 zuwa shekarar 2015 da muke ciki, alƙaluman hukumomin Saudi Arabia sun nuna cewar sama da mutane 4,841 ne suka rasa ransu a dalilin haɗarurruka daban-daban, yayin da wasu dubannai suka samu raunuka. Duk waɗannan alƙaluma basu shafi alhazai waɗanda suke mutuwa ɗai ɗai ko nan da can a dalilin wata rashin lafiya ba. Mafi yawan waɗannan haɗarurruka dai basa wuce turmutsutsu a yayin jifan sheɗan. A cikin muhimman haɗarurrukan da suka wakana a aiyukan aikin Hajji a tsawon shekaru 40, 8 ne daga ciki kawai basu da  alaƙa da turmutsustsu domin sun faru ne a dalilin gobara, ruguzau, zanga-zanga da dai sauransu.

Haɗarurrukan Aikin Hajji a Shekaru 40

Duk da cewar abu ne mai wahala a iya tantance tarihin tun lokacin da irin waɗannan muhimman haɗarruka masu tasiri suka fara faruwa a aikin Hajji, to amma abu ne sananne cewar a duk lokacin da a kan yi wani abu wanda yake tara dubunnai ko miliyoyin jama’a, to dole ne baza a fitar da tsammanni yiwuwar faruwar haɗari, tsautsayi ko jarrabawa daga Ubangiji ba. A mafi yawan lokuta, rundunar dubunnan mahajjata masu tattaki daga wani waje zuwa wani wajen ta kan kawo turmutsutsu wanda ya kan kawo asarar rayuka da jikkata mutane da dama.

A ranar 2 ga watan Julin 1990, turmutsutsu a hanyar wucewar alhazai ta Ma’aisim wacce take fita daga Makkah zuwa Mina da kuma filin Arafah ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar alhazai 1,426, da yawa daga cikinsu ‘yan ƙasashen Malaysia, Indonesia da Pakistan.  Wannan shi ne haɗari mafi muni a cikin shekaru 40. Turmutsutsu ya yi sanadiyyar rasa alhazai da yawa da kuma jikkkata wasu da dama a shekarun 1994, 1998, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2006 da kuma 2015.

A  ranar 15 ga Afrilun,1997, gobara a tantunan mahajjata, ta yi sanadiyyar mutuwar alhazai 343 da raunata 1,500. Yanzu sababbin tantuna na zamani da ake yi wa alhazai amfani dasu, an sana’antasu ta yadda wuta ba ta iya ƙona su. Haka kuma a shekarun 1975 da 2011, gobara ta kawo asarar rayuka da jikkata wasu da dama a aikin hajji.

A ranar 11 ga Julin, 1991, haɗarin jirgin saman Nigerian Airways mai lamba 2120 wanda ya taso daga Jeddah zuwa Sokoto, ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar dukkan alhazai 247 ‘yan Najeriya da kuma ma’aikatan jirgin 14. Jirgin ya faɗi ne  jim kaɗan bayan tashi daga  Filin Jirgin Saman Sarki Abdulaziz. Haka ma haɗarurrukan jiragen sama sun afku a hanyar zuwa ko dawowa daga aikin hajji a tsakanin ƙasashen duniya daban-daban a shekarun 1973, 1974, 1978, 1979 da 1980 inda kusan dukkan alhazan da abun ya shafa suka rasa rayukansu.

Rugujewar otal ɗin Al-Gaza a kusa da Harami a 2006 ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane 76 da raunata 64. Sannan faɗowar ƙugiya a cikin Harami a ranar 11 ga Satumbar 2015 ya kashe mutane 118 tare da raunata 394.

An rasa alhazai da yawa sakamakon ɓarkewar cututtuka da annoba a shekarun da suka gabata. Kafin fara aiyukan Hajjin 2006, alhazai 243 ne suka rasu daga ƙasashe daban-daban sakamakon cututtuka masu alaƙa da zuciya, gajiya, tsufa da kuma rashin lafiyar da aka zo da ita tun daga gida. A shekarun baya cututtuka irinsu zazzaɓi, kwalara, polio, mura da ƙyanda sun yi sanadiyyar rasuwar wasu tsirarun alhazai.

Jifan Sheɗan (rami-aljamarat)

Jifan sheɗan wanda a ke gudanar da shi a birnin Mina, yana daga cikin rukunan aiyukan Hajji mafi haɗari a shekarun baya  saboda yawan jama’a, musamman a lokacin da mutanen suke tsallaka gadar jamarat wacce take sada su zuwa ga inda za su yi jifan. Mafi yawan cinkoso, turmutsutsu da asarar rayuka ya kan auku ne  a wajen jifan sheɗan.

Alhazai a Jamarat a shekarar 2006

Bayan turmutsutsun shekarar 2004, Gwamnatin Saudiyya ta yi aikace-aikace masu yawa a wajen gadar jamarat. An ƙara yawan hanyoyi da wajen tsallakawar mutane da kuma hanyoyin fita na ko-ta-kwana. Bayan haka kuma an musanya manyan durakun nan guda uku masu wakiltar Sheɗan ɗin da wani shafaffen bango babba na kankare domin gujewa turereniyar da alahazai suke yi a ƙoƙarin samun guri saitin waɗannan duraku a shekarun baya.

Bayan wani turmutsutsun a shekarar 2006, Gwamnatin Saudiya ta ƙara yin wasu rushe-rushe, sauye-sauye, faɗaɗe- faɗaɗe da gyare-gyare a jamarat domin sauƙaƙa wa alhazai yayin jifan sheɗan. Sannan kuma an ɓullo da tsaruka domin hana cinkoso da kuma shiga haɗari. To amma duk da wannan matakai, an sake samun turmutsutsu a wannan waje a shekarar 2015 da muke ciki.

Haɗarurrukan Aikin Hajjin Bana na Shekarar 2015

A baya bayannan, in banda shekarar 1990, babu wata shekara da aka samu rashin rayukan alhazai kamar a wannan shekara da muke ciki. Tun da farko dai, kamar kowacce shekara, an samu mutuwar alhazai ɗaiɗaiku daga ƙasashe daban-daban sakamakon dalilai na rsahin lafiya da kuma ajali. Bayan haka kuma faɗowar ƙugiya a cikin Masallacin Harami a ranar 11 ga Satumbar 2015 ya kashe mutane 118 tare da raunata 394. Tuni dai Gwamnatin Saudiyya ta tabbatar da biyan diyyar Riyal miliyan guda guda ga iyalan mamata da kuma waɗanda suka samu nakasata din-din-din a haɗarin wannan ƙugiya. Sannan kuma waɗanda suka samu raunuka aa basu Riyal 500,000. Bayan haka an yi alƙawarin kujerun aikin Hajjin baɗi biyu ga iyalan kowanne mamaci tare da sanyasu a cikin baƙin Sarkin Makka na musamman.

Faɗowar ƙugiya a cikin Masallacin Harami a ranar 11 ga Satumbar 2015 

Ranar 24 ga Satumbar 2015, hukumomin Saudi Arabia sun bayyana mutuwar sama da alhazai 769 da raunatar sama da 860 a wajen jifan sheɗan. A baya bayannan masu sanya idanu daga ƙasashe daban-daban sun fitar da sanarwar cewar adadin waɗanda suka rasu daga wannan turmutsutsu kuma aka ga gawarwakinsu ya kai 1,090 yayin da kuma har yanzu ake neman alhazai da dama waɗanda ba a gani ba. Wannan haɗari ya faru ne yayin da rukunin wasu alhazai masu dawowa izuwa masaukinsu bayan sun yi jifa, suka biyo hanyar tafiya a maimakon su bi ta hanyar da aka ware domin masu komowa inda suka haɗu kuma suka yamutsa da alhazai masu tafiya izuwa jamrat.

Asarar Rayukan Alhazan Najeriya a Hajjin 2015

Duk da dai cewar har yanzu ba a gama tattara yawan alhazan Najeriya da suka rasu ko suka ji ciwo a wannan aikin Hajji na bana ba, amma a ranar Juma’ar da ta gabata shugaban hukumar alhazai ta ƙasa, Alhaji Abdullahi Mukhtar ya bayyana adadin alhazan Najeriya da suka mutu a wajen turmutsutsun jamrat kaɗai a matsayin guda 74 yayin da sama da 71 suka samu raunuka yayin da yawan alhazan da ba a gani ba ya kai 244. Alhazan da suka rasu sun fito daga jihohin Bauchi, Borno, Cross-Rivers, Jigawa, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi da Nassarawa. Waɗanda suka ɓace kuma sun fito daga jihohin Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Ekiti, Abuja, Gombe, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kwara, Nassarawa, Ondo, Niger, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe da Zamfara. Wannan ya biyo bayan alhazai 6 da suka rasu yayin da 4 suka ɓata a faɗowar ƙugiyar cikin Masallacin Harami yayin kuma da wasu ƙarin 20 suka mutu tun da farko bisa dalilai na rashin lafiya ko kuma ajali.

Yanzu haka dai Shugaban ƙasa Muhammadu Buhari ya bayar da umarni ga Hukumar Aikin Hajji ta ƙasa da ta gaggauta bin ba’asin duk wani alhajin Najeriya da ya rasu, ya ji rauni ko kuma ya ɓata domin sanar da ‘yan uwansa halin da yake ciki.

 

Yawan Alhazan Duniya a duk shekara

Tun daga lokacin da jiragen sama suka zama ruwan dare a duniya, kullum yawan maniyyata aikin Hajji yake ƙaruwa daga ƙasashe daban-daban. Wannan ya biyo bayan samuwar sauƙin sufuri saɓanin a shekaru masu yawa a baya da ake zuwa a a motoci, jiragen ruwa, a kan dabbobi, wasu ma har a ƙasa.

A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, ƙasar Saudiyya tace ta karɓi baƙuncin yawan alhazai miliyan 25 sannan kuma kamfanin dillacin labarai na Reuters ya rawaito cewar a cikin waɗannan shekaru goma, shekarar 2012 ita ta fi kowacce shekara yawan alhazai da adadin mahajatta miliyan 3.16 yayin da shekarar 2013 ta fi kowacce ƙarancin mahajatta da alhazai miliyan 1.98. A mafi yawan shekaru, alhazan ƙasar Indonesia su kan fin na ko’ina yawa inda suke kasancewa kimanin 20% na yawan alhazan da ba ‘yan ƙasar Saudiyya ba a kowanne aikin Hajji.

Aikin Hajji a 1960

                                                                                                         

Tasirin Rashin Jituwar ƙasashen Saudi Arabia da Iran ga Aikin Hajji

Babu shakka, dukkan mai nazari a kan al’amuran yau da kullum, zai ga cewar akwai rashin jituwa a tsakanin ƙasar Saudi Arabia da kuma ƙasar Iran. Wannan rashin jituwa kuwa tana nema ta ci gaba da kawo matsaloli a a cikin aiyukan Hajji. Yayin da ƙasar Saudiyya take zargin alhazan Iran da ɓullo da matsaloli da gangan domin kawo cikas ga aikin Hajji, ita kuwa Iran ta na zargin Saudia Arabia da gazawa wajen samar da cikakken tsaro a aikin Hajji.

A ranar 31 ga Julin 1987, mutane 400 ne suka mutu yayin da dubannai suka jikkata a lokacin da jami’an tsaron Saudiyya suka yi arangama da wasu mahajjatan Iran masu zanga-zanga. Ko shakka babu wannan abu ne mara daɗi wanda za a iya gujewa afkuwarsa. Ya kamata ƙasashen biyu su yi ƙoƙari su samu daidaito  a tsakaninsu ta yadda saɓani da rashin jituwarsu a siyasance ba zai dinga shafar aikin Hajji ba.

Ko a wannan iftila’in da ya faru na Hajjin bana, an samu taƙaddama tsakanin Saudia da Iran a kan silar afkuwar matsalar da kuma adadin alhazan da suka mutu. Ita dai Iran ta zargi Saudia da ƙin bayyana ainihin adadin yawan waɗanda suka rasu inda take ganin yawansu ya haura a 4,000, kodayake ba ta bayar da wata hujja gamsasshiya ba a kan wannan adadi. Ita dai Iran, ita ce ƙasar da ta fi kowacce ƙasa rasa rayukan alhazai a Hajjin wannan shekara inda sama da mahajjatanta 400 ne suka rasu.

Ta Yaya Za a Kori Gaba?

Ko shakka babu, mahukuntan ƙasar Saudiyya suna iya bakin ƙoƙarin su domin hana afkuwar haɗurra a yayin aikin Hajji, to amma duk da wannan ƙoƙari har yanzu idan tsautsayi ya gifta a kan samu asarar ɗumbin rayuka da jikkatar jama’a. Ya kamata su ƙara ƙoƙari a kan ƙoƙari, kada su gajiya. Babu wani abu da za a iya yi wanda ya wuce rigakafi. Ya kamata Mahukuntan Saudiyya kuma su gudanar da cikakken bincike dangane da zargin wariyar launin fata da nuna fifiko ga fararen fata da ake zargin jami'anta suna yi wa alhazai.

Idan muka kalli mafi yawan haɗarurraka kuma sai muga cewar masu alaƙa da cinkoso ne. Mataki na farko da ya kamata a a ɗauka shi na a duba yiwuwar taƙaita yawan mahajjatan da suke fitowa daga kowacce ƙasa a duk shekara. A duba, a tantance a gani, duk wanda ya taɓa zuwa aikin Hajji sau biyu ko sau uku, to a dakatar da shi daga zuwa aikin sai bayan wasu shekaru domin sauƙaƙa cinkoso. Maimakon mahajatta miliyan 2 zuwa 3 da ƙasar Saudiyya ta ke karɓa kowacce shekara, a rage su zuwa miliyan 1 ko 1.5. wannan zai kawo sauƙin cinkoso ƙwarai da gaske.

Sannan kuma su mahajattan su kansu, su ƙara zage damtse wajen gujewa matakai da zasu kawo cikas. Kowacce ƙasa ta dinga yin bita tare da ilmantar da alhazai ba wai kawai yadda za su yi ibadar Hajji ba kaɗai, har da yadda za su gujewa haɗurra da kuma matakan da zasu ɗauka na gaggawa idan haɗarin ya auku.

Bayan haka, ƙasashen Musulmi su ɗauka cewar samun nasarar aikin Hajji ya rataya a wuyayensu ne baki ɗaya ba wai a wuyan ƙasar Saudiyya kawai ba. Ita ma Saudi Arabiar, a fahimtar da ita hakan. A taru a samar da wani kwamiti mai wakilcin dukkan ƙasashe domin gudu tare a tsira tare. Kada a ce za a taƙaita ikon Saudiyya da hukumominta, wajen tsarin aikin Hajji, amma ya zama sauran ƙasashe su zamo masu ruwa da tsaki wajen tsare-tsaren cikin fahimta da manufa mai kyau.

Allah Ubangiji Ya karɓi shahadar waɗanda suka rasu, marasa lafiya kuma, Allah Ya basu lafiya.

©Wannan rubutu mallakar Mujallar Mikiya ne, 2015. A nemi izini kafin sarrafa shi.

A KULA: An ciro mafi yawan bayanan dake cikin wannan sharhi daga shafin Wikipedia, daga kamfanin dillacin labaran ƙasar Faransa na AFP, wallafe-wallafen hukumomin kula da aikin Hajji na ƙasar Saudi Arabia, kafafen yaɗa labarai na ciki da wajen Najeriya da kuma ta wasu hanyoyi masu yawa wanda yawansu ba zai bayar da dama a bayyanasu ba.

Shafin Mallam Amir a Twitter shine: @AmirAbdulazeez