Satar Ɗanyen Mai A Najeriya

6^th January, 2014

Daga: Amir Abdulazeez                                                                                           

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uk wanda ya ke bibiyar al’amuran yau da kullum, ya san cewa matsalar satar ɗanyen mai a Najeriya tana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi tattaunawa akan su, musamman a cikin ‘yan wataninnan.

Duk da cewa wannan ba wani sabon abu ba ne, amman na zaɓi na ɗan yi tsokaci akansa. Dalili kuwa shine, na san akwai mutane da yawa da suke jin labarin satar ɗanyen man fetur amma ba su san haƙiƙanin yadda al’amarin yake ba. Bayan haka kuma wannan matsalar a shekarun baya, ba ta dami jama’a sosai ba, musamman saboda tana shafar gwamnati ne kaɗai amma ba sosai ta ke shafar talaka ba kai tsaye saboda ita kanta satar ba ta yi yawa ba kamar yanzu. Amma a yanzu tana shafar talaka kai tsaye domin kuwa har ta kai Gwamnatin Tarayya ba ta iya bai wa jihohi da ƙananan hukumomi cikakkun kuɗaɗensu kamar yadda tsarin rabon arziƙin  ƙasa ya tanadi a basu, wanda a sakamakon haka, har yanzu da ku ke karanta wannan tsokaci akwai wasu jihohi, hukumomi da ma’aikatun gwamnati da suke bin Gwamnatin Tarayya bashi. Dalilin haka ne ya sa wasu jihohin su ka kasa biyan albashi a watannin Augusta da Satumba na shekarar 2013. Ita kanta Gwamnatin Tarayya, a albashin watan Disamba, sai da wankin hula ya kai ta dare. Ashe kuwa wannan matsalar a yanzu ta fara shafar talaka kai tsaye kenan.

Idan mutum ya yi duba na tsanaki ga ɓangaren ɗanyen mai da iskar gas na wannan ƙasa a tsawon watanni tara zuwa goma na shekarar bara ta 2013, zai ga cewa fashe-fashe da kuma lalata bututu da ma’ajiyar ɗanyen man da kuma sace-sace su ne abubuwan da aka fi tattaunawa a kansu a tsawon wannan lokaci. Akwai masu ganin wannan matsala, in dai har ta cigaba to matsalar rashin tsaro da ake fama da ita sai ta dawo kamar wasan yara akan ta, domin kuwa za a wayi gari, sannu a hankali gwamnati ta daina samun ko sisi a asusunta. Ko a yanzu, lokaci bayan lokaci, Gwamnatin Tarayya ta kan ɗebo kuɗaɗe daga Asusun Najeriya na ƙasar waje wato Foreign Reserve domin cike wasu giɓukan da suke samuwa a dalilin sama da faɗin kuɗaɗe, faɗuwar farashin mai da kuma satar ɗanyen mai.

Jaridar Daily Trust ta rawaito cewar, a binciken da Kwamitin Majalisar Wakilan Najeriya ya gudanar a kwanakin baya, ya samu rahoto daga kamfanin man fetur na ƙasa wato NNPC cewa Najeriya ta rasa ganga 11,753,217 ta hanyar fasa bututu da sace ɗanyen mai a cikin shekaru uku kacal.

Mutane da yawa sun daɗe su na jin ana cewa ‘gangar man fetur’ amma ba su san me ake nufi da wannan ganga ba. To gangar dai wata maɗauki ce ko mazubi da ake ƙerawa da katako ko da ƙarfe kuma tana da ɗan yanayi da ita gangar kiɗa ta asali da muka sani, kuma wannan ganga tana cin yawan ɗanyen mai da ya kai lita 120 zuwa 159, ya danganta da girmanta. Amma a kasuwar ɗanyen mai ta duniya, ana amfani da ganga mai cin lita 159 ko kuma galan 35.

A wata bakwan farko na shekarar 2013, wato daga watan Janairu zuwa watan Yuli, Hukumar NNPC ta bayyana cewa Najeriya ta rasa kuɗaɗen da yawansu ya kai Dalar Amurka miliyan 26 a kowacce rana wato kwatankwacin Naira biliyan 4.18 a kullum a sakamakon satar ɗanyen mai a yankin Niger-Delta musamman akan wani bututun mai da ke Warri a Jihar Delta inda aka sace sama da ganga miliyan 6 a wannan bututu shi kaɗai.

A cikin kwanaki sama da 200 wato daga watan Janairu zuwa Yuli na dai shekarar da ta wuce, Najeriya ta yi asarar Dalar Amurka biliyan 5 wato dai-dai da Naira kusan biliyan 800 kenan akan wannan matsala.

A cikin waɗannan watanni bakwai na 2013, Najeriya tana fitar da ganga 2,190,000 a kowacce rana wanda idan aka ɗauki tsaka-tsakin farashin mai na $100 akan kowacce ganga, Najeriya ta samu jimillar Dalar Amurka biliyan 20.9, wato kusan Naira tiriliyan 1.6 a tsawon wannan watanni bakwai.

Shi kansa farashin ɗanyen man a tsakanin waɗannan watanni ya fuskanci hawa da sauka domin daga watan Janairu na 2013 zuwa kusan ƙarshen wannan shekara, an sayar da kowacce ganga akan $117, $108, $107, $102 da kuma $104.

Bisa ƙiyasi, ita dai wannan sata ta ɗanyen mai tana jawowa Najeriya asarar ganga 400,000 a kowacce rana, wato dai-dai da Dalar Amurka miliyan 42.728 ko kuma kusan Naira biliyan 7 a kullum. Idan ka lissafa, ka ga ana asarar sama da Naira biliyan 205 duk wata ko kuma kusan tiriliyan 2.5 a kowacce shekara wanda kusan shine rabin kuɗin kasafin ƙasarmu Najeriya na shekara. Bugu da ƙari, wannan kuɗi tiriliyan 2.5 da muke asara, shine adadin kasafin kuɗin shekara na ƙananan ƙasashen Africa sama da goma. Wani ƙarin baƙin ciki kuma shine, su waɗannan ɓarayi na ɗanyen mai, bayan sun fasa bututun sun saci abin da za su sata, sai kawai su yi tafiyar su su bar shi yana zuba a ƙasa. Wannan yana haddasa masifun gobara da kuma lalacewar albarkatun ƙasa. Banda haka kuma, idan za su kuma yin satar, sai kawai su kuma neman wani gurin su fasa a jikin wani bututun, wannan ce ta sa ake kashe kuɗaɗe masu yawa wajen canza waɗannan bututu ba tare da sun yi wata daɗewar kirki ba.

Shugaban Kwamitin Man Fetur na Majalisar Wakilai, Ajibola Muraina ya bayyana cewa yawan wannan kuɗi ya kai adadin kuɗin shiga ta hanyar man fetur na kusan ƙasashe 14.

Wannan wawakekiyar asara da na bayyana a sama, ita ce ta sa gwamnatin tarayya ta kasa biyan jihohi da ƙananan hukumomi wani kaso daga ciikin kuɗaɗensu na watan Augusta da Satumba na 2013 sai a cikin watan Oktobar wannan shekara sannan ta biyasu. Bayan haka, har zuwa ranar 23 zuwa 24 ga watan Disamba, akwai ma’aikatun Gwamnatin Tarayya da aka ksa yin albashi, wato dai har ana gobe bikin Kirismeti babu albashi kenan. Wannan ya saɓa da al’adar Gwamnatin Tarayya na biyan albashi a tsakiyar wata a lokacin bukukuwan Sallah da Kirismeti.

Duk da irin wannan ta’adi da ya ke wakana da kuma irin maƙudan kuɗaɗen da Gwamnatin Tarayya ta ke ikirari tana kashewa wajen samar da tsaro a yankunan da waɗannan bututu suke, amma matsalar kullum ƙara gaba ta ke yi kuma da wahala ka ji an kama wani balle a gurfanar da shi a gaban kotu sai ka ce aljanu ne su ke yin wannan ta’asa. Wannan ce ta sa manazarta su ke zarge-zarge iri daban-daban akan ita kanta gwamnatin da wasu jami’anta akan cewa da masaniyarsu ake wannan al’amari. Ko a kwanakin baya, Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai, Honarabul Aminu Waziri Tambuwal ya nuna takaicinsa sosai akan wannan batu inda har wasu jaridun ƙasarnan suka rawaitoshi yana cewa, da sanin Gwamnati ake yin wannan ɓarna. Koda yake na jiyo Gwamnan Jihar Delta, Cif Emmanuel Uduaghan a wata tattaunawa da ya yi da Shugaban ƙasa Goodluck Jonathan a cikin wannan satin, yana cewa wai matsalar ta yi sauƙi sosai domin yanzu abin da ake sata a rana bai wuce ganga 40,000 ba. To, amma ba zamu iya tabbatar da maganarsa ba har sai mun ga yawan ɗanyen man da Najeriya ta ke fitarwa ya fara ƙaruwa maimakon raguwa.

Mu dai a namu ɓangaren, babu abin da za mu iya yi sai addu’a amma dai yana da kyau kowa ya samu cikakken ilimi akan halin da ake ciki. Bayan haka, dole ne mu koma mu riƙe noma, kiwo, kasuwanci, fasaha, kimiyya, ƙere-ƙere da sana’o’i domin shi wannan ɗanyen mai, ko da ma ba a sace shi, to ana sa ran zai iya ƙarewa nan da wani lokaci. Ƙungiyar ƙasashe masu hada-hadar man fetur mai suna OPEC, wacce Najeriya tana ciki, a rahotan ta na shekarar 2013 ta bayyana cewar, a yanzu dai Najeriya tana da ganga biliyan kusan 38 na ɗanyen man fetur wanda hakan ya ke nuna ita ce ta 10 a duniya. OPEC ɗin ta bayyana Venezuela (ganga biliyan 297) da Saudi Arabia (ganga biliyan 267) a matsayin ƙasashe masu yawan ɗanyen mai sama da kowacce ƙasa a duniya. Bayan haka, sashen bincike na yanar gizo na Wikipedia ya bayyana ƙasashen Canada (ganga biliyan 175), Iran (ganga biliyan 157), Iraq (ganga biliyan 140), Kuwait (ganga biliyan 104) Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa-U.A.E (ganga biliyan 97), Russia (ganga biliyan 80), Libya (ganga biliyan 48) da sauran wasu ƙasashen a matsayin waɗanda suke kan gaba a yawan ɗanyen mai a duniya. Arziƙin fetur kenan mai shagaltar da mai shi, to amma wa ya san gobe? Komai zai iya faruwa.

Kamar a shekaru biyu da suka gabata na 2012 da 2013, wannan shekarar ma harkar tsaro ita ta lashe kaso mafi tsoka a kasafin kuɗin ƙasa na Gwamnatin Tarayya. Alƙaluma sun nuna cewa an ware wa harkar tsaro kusan naira biliyan 1000 wanda ya ke dai-dai da kashi 20 cikin 100 na kasafin kuɗin. Muna fata za’a yi amfani da kasafin kuɗin tsaron ƙasa na 2014 wajen samar da cikakken tsaro a yankunan da bututun mai suke domin kawo ƙarshen satar ɗanyen mai a Najeriya.

© Malam Amir Abdulazeez 2013.